Constituent Assembly of India

It is normal for questions to come from general knowledge in important competitive examinations at all India or state level. Again, the scope of general knowledge is also wide. By studying the questions on Static GK from various topics, several specific topics will be discussed in detail. In this case, the topic under discussion is Constituent Assembly of India.

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Constituent Assembly of India

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Based on the report of the British Crown Simon Commission and the decisions taken in three round table meetings, the British published a white paper called ‘White Paper on Constitutional Reforms’ in March 1933, in which the idea of ​​framing a new Indian constitution with British and Indian representatives was raised. In this context, in 1934, Manabendra Nath Roy, one of the leaders of the leftist movement in India, first raised the idea of ​​India’s own constitution for India. A year after Manabendra Nath Roy’s proposal, the Congress published this proposal as an official demand through a declaration in 1935. In 1935, when the “Government of India Act 1935” came into force in India, in 1936, the National Congress rejected the act in a resolution stating that “No constitution imposed by outside authority and no constitution which curtails the sovereignty of the people of India and does not recognise their right to shape and control fully their political and economic future can be accepted.” In 1938, Jawaharlal Nehru, on behalf of the National Congress, declared “The Constitution of free India must be framed, without outside interference, by a Constituent Assembly elected on the basis of adult franchise“. In 1939, in the midst of World War II, the Working Committee of the National Congress published a full report on the demand for a Constituent Assembly on 14 September and supported it. On 15 November 1939, Chakraborty Rajagopalachari raised a strong demand for a Constituent Assembly. This was fueled by a special article by Mahatma Gandhi in the newspaper “Harijan” on November 19. Finally, in 1940, the British government partially accepted these demands of the Indians and the then Viceroy of India, Lord Linlithgow, raised the famous “August Offer” on August 8, 1940. When the August Offer was accepted, the British government sent the Cripps Mission to India in March 1942. When this mission failed, no steps were taken to form a Constituent Assembly until the end of World War II (May, 1945). After the Labour Government came to power as the new government in Britain in July 1945, Lord Wavell assured the formation of a Constituent Assembly in India. For this purpose, in 1946, the British Cabinet sent a three-member team including Sir Stafford Cripps, which is known as the Cabinet Mission. The Cabinet Mission for the election of members of the Constituent Assembly conducted the elections for 296 seats as per their plan in July-August 1946 (out of 398 seats to be elected, they withdrew from the elections due to the absence of 93 representatives from the Princely States). As a result, the Congress won 208 seats, 73 seats and 15 seats for other independent candidates. Finally, in November 1946, the Constituent Assembly was formed as per the Cabinet Mission plan.
The first meeting of the Constituent Assembly of India was held on Monday, 9 December 1946. But the Muslim League stubbornly boycotted the meeting demanding a separate country and a separate Constituent Assembly of India and 12 other elected representatives were absent, so the first meeting of the Constituent Assembly was held with only 211 members. In the first meeting and inaugural meeting, Acharya Kripalani unanimously elected Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha, the oldest member of the room, as the first temporary chairman. On 11 December 1946, Dr. Rajendra Prasad was elected as the permanent chairman of the Constituent Assembly of India. The Constituent Assembly lasted for a total period of 2 years, 11 months and 18 days from 9 December 1946 to 26 November 1949, and during this period, a complete draft was prepared through 7,635 meetings of 11 discussion meetings of the Constituent Assembly and 2,473 amendments in 166 days. The Indian Constitution was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26 November 1949. On 24 January 1950, another signing session was held and 284 members out of the total 299 members of the Constituent Assembly signed the original constitution. Finally, the original constitution of India came into effect from 26 January 1950. The cost of drafting the Indian constitution was 64 lakh rupees.

Duration of the 11 sessions of the Constituent Assembly of India and important events:

First Session: The first session of the Constituent Assembly began on 9 December 1946 and ended on 23 December. The first session lasted for a total of 15 days.

Second Session: The second session of the Constituent Assembly began on 20 January 1947 and ended on 25 January. This session of the Constituent Assembly lasted for a total of 6 days.

Third Session: The first session of the Constituent Assembly began on 28 April 1947 and ended on 2 May. This session of the Constituent Assembly lasted for a total of 5 days.

Fourth Session: The fourth session of the Constituent Assembly began on 14 July 1947 and ended on 31 July. This session of the Constituent Assembly lasted for a total of 18 days.

Fifth Session: The fifth session of the General Assembly began on 14 August 1947 and ended on 30 August. This session of the General Assembly lasted for a total of 17 days.

Sixth Session: The sixth session of the General Assembly began and ended on 27 January 1948. This session of the General Assembly lasted for a total of 1 day.

Seventh Session: The seventh session of the General Assembly began on 4 November 1948 and ended on 8 January 1949. This session of the General Assembly lasted for a total of 62 days.

Eighth Session: The eighth session of the General Assembly began on 16 May 1949 and ended on 16 June 1949. This session of the General Assembly lasted for a total of 32 days.

Ninth Session: The ninth session of the General Assembly began on July 30, 1949 and ended on September 18. This session of the General Assembly lasted for a total of 50 days.

Tenth Session: The tenth session of the General Assembly began on October 6, 1949 and ended on October 17. This session of the General Assembly lasted for a total of 12 days.

Eleventh Session: The eleventh session of the General Assembly began on November 14, 1949 and ended on November 26. This session of the General Assembly lasted for a total of 13 days.

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