Contextual Influences on Development & Learning
Contextual Influences on Development and Learning :
CTET is a central government-run examination system, where the exam is conducted for Paper-I and Paper-II. Candidates who pass Paper-I are considered eligible to teach in Primary Schools and those who pass Paper-II are considered eligible to teach in Upper Primary Schools. Candidates with CTET pass certificate can apply for teaching jobs in KVs, NVs, ERDO and National Army schools. Many private schools in India also select candidates on the basis of CTET score. At present, if you have passed CTET, you can also apply for teaching jobs in schools in different states, in this case, it is not necessary to pass the TET conducted by the state government. This current post “Contextual Influences on Development and Learning” discusses the topic Concept of Learning; Concept of development and its relationship with learning Part-V of Child Psychology included in the CTET Paper-I syllabus. The entire topic will be completed in several parts, so click Next to read the Next Part:
Contextual Influences on Development and Learning :
⟽ Previous Part : Theories of Development and Learning
➲ Contextual Influences on Development and Learning : Development and learning are influenced by a range of contextual factors, including family and parenting styles, culture and socioeconomic status, and school and educational settings. These contextual factors can shape an individual’s development and learning outcomes in significant ways.
➲ Family and Parenting Styles : The family and parenting styles can have a profound impact on an individual’s development and learning. Research has shown that:
❖ Authoritative Parenting : Authoritative parenting, characterized by warmth, responsiveness, and high expectations, is associated with positive developmental outcomes, including better academic achievement and social skills.
Authoritative parenting is characterized by:
⦿ Warmth: Parents are warm, nurturing, and responsive to their child’s needs.
⦿ Responsiveness: Parents are responsive to their child’s feelings, needs, and concerns.
⦿ High Expectations: Parents have high expectations for their child’s behavior, academic achievement, and social skills.
Research has shown that authoritative parenting is associated with:
⦿ Better Academic Achievement: Children of authoritative parents tend to perform better academically.
⦿ Better Social Skills: Children of authoritative parents tend to have better social skills, such as communication, cooperation, and conflict resolution.
⦿ Positive Emotional Development: Children of authoritative parents tend to have positive emotional development, including self-esteem, self-confidence, and emotional regulation.
❖ Authoritarian Parenting : Authoritarian parenting, characterized by strict rules and punishments, is associated with negative developmental outcomes, including lower academic achievement and social skills.
Authoritarian parenting is characterized by:
⦿ Strict Rules: Parents have strict rules and expectations for their child’s behavior.
⦿ Punishments: Parents use punishments, such as physical punishment or withdrawal of privileges, to enforce compliance.
⦿ Low Responsiveness: Parents are less responsive to their child’s feelings, needs, and concerns.
Research has shown that authoritarian parenting is associated with:
⦿ Lower Academic Achievement: Children of authoritarian parents tend to perform poorly academically.
⦿ Lower Social Skills: Children of authoritarian parents tend to have lower social skills, such as communication, cooperation, and conflict resolution.
⦿ Negative Emotional Development: Children of authoritarian parents tend to have negative emotional development, including low self-esteem, anxiety, and aggression.
❖ Permissive Parenting : Permissive parenting, characterized by low expectations and lack of discipline, is associated with negative developmental outcomes, including lower academic achievement and social skills.
Permissive parenting is characterized by:
⦿ Low Expectations: Parents have low expectations for their child’s behavior, academic achievement, and social skills.
⦿ Lack of Discipline: Parents are lenient and do not provide clear boundaries or consequences for misbehavior.
⦿ Overindulgence: Parents tend to overindulge their child, providing excessive praise, rewards, and privileges.
Research has shown that permissive parenting is associated with:
⦿ Lower Academic Achievement: Children of permissive parents tend to perform poorly academically.
⦿ Lower Social Skills: Children of permissive parents tend to have lower social skills, such as communication, cooperation, and conflict resolution.
⦿ Negative Emotional Development: Children of permissive parents tend to have negative emotional development, including low self-esteem, entitlement, and aggression.
Contextual Influences on Development and Learning
প্রাথমিক টেট প্রস্তুতির জন্য ক্লিক করুনঃ
উচ্চ প্রাথমিক টেট প্রস্তুতির জন্য ক্লিক করুনঃ
➲ Culture and Socioeconomic Status : Culture and socioeconomic status can also have a significant impact on an individual’s development and learning. Research has shown that:
❖ Cultural Values and Beliefs : Cultural values and beliefs can shape an individual’s learning style and preferences, as well as their motivation and engagement in learning.
Cultural values and beliefs can shape an individual’s learning style and preferences in several ways:
⦿ Collectivist vs. Individualist Cultures: Collectivist cultures, such as many Asian cultures, emphasize the importance of group harmony and cooperation, while individualist cultures, such as many Western cultures, emphasize individual achievement and autonomy. These cultural values can influence an individual’s learning style, with collectivist cultures tending to emphasize group work and individualist cultures emphasizing individual effort.
⦿ High-Context vs. Low-Context Cultures: High-context cultures, such as many African and Latin American cultures, emphasize the importance of relationships and context in communication, while low-context cultures, such as many Western cultures, emphasize the importance of clear and direct communication. These cultural values can influence an individual’s learning style, with high-context cultures tending to emphasize relationships and context in learning.
⦿ Motivation and Engagement: Cultural values and beliefs can also influence an individual’s motivation and engagement in learning. ☆ For example, in some cultures, education is highly valued and seen as a key to success, while in other cultures, education may be seen as less important.
❖ Socioeconomic Status : Socioeconomic status can affect an individual’s access to educational resources and opportunities, as well as their overall well-being and life chances.
Socioeconomic status can affect an individual’s development and learning in several ways:
⦿ Access to Educational Resources: Socioeconomic status can affect an individual’s access to educational resources, such as quality schools, textbooks, and technology. Individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds may have limited access to these resources, which can hinder their learning and development.
⦿ Overall Well-being and Life Chances: Socioeconomic status can also affect an individual’s overall well-being and life chances. Individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds may experience higher levels of stress, anxiety, and poverty, which can negatively impact their learning and development.
⦿ Parental Involvement and Support: Socioeconomic status can also affect parental involvement and support for learning. Parents from higher socioeconomic backgrounds may be more likely to be involved in their child’s education and provide support for learning, which can positively impact their child’s development and learning.
In summary, culture and socioeconomic status can have a significant impact on an individual’s development and learning. Cultural values and beliefs can shape an individual’s learning style and preferences, while socioeconomic status can affect an individual’s access to educational resources, overall well-being, and life chances.
Contextual Influences on Development and Learning
➲ School and Educational Settings : The school and educational settings can also play a critical role in shaping an individual’s development and learning. Research has shown that:
❖ Teacher-Student Relationships : Positive teacher-student relationships can promote better academic achievement and social skills, while negative relationships can hinder development and learning. Here are some ways in which positive teacher-student relationships can promote better academic achievement and social skills:
⦿ Emotional Support: Teachers who provide emotional support and encouragement can help students feel more confident and motivated to learn.
⦿ Academic Support: Teachers who provide academic support and scaffolding can help students develop a deeper understanding of the subject matter and improve their academic achievement.
⦿ Social Skills: Positive teacher-student relationships can also promote social skills, such as communication, cooperation, and conflict resolution.
❖ Classroom Environment : The classroom environment can also shape an individual’s development and learning, with factors such as classroom size, teacher support, and peer relationships all playing a role. Here are some factors that can influence the classroom environment:
⦿ Classroom Size: Smaller class sizes can provide more opportunities for individualized instruction and support.
⦿ Teacher Support: Teachers who provide support and encouragement can help students feel more confident and motivated to learn.
⦿ Peer Relationships: Positive peer relationships can promote social skills, such as communication, cooperation, and conflict resolution.
❖ Curriculum and Instruction : The curriculum and instruction can also influence an individual’s development and learning, with factors such as content, pedagogy, and assessment all playing a role. Here are some factors that can shape the curriculum and instruction:
⦿ Content: The content of the curriculum can influence what students learn and how they learn it.
⦿ Pedagogy: The pedagogy used in the classroom can influence how students learn and engage with the material.
⦿ Assessment: The assessment methods used in the classroom can influence how students are evaluated and how they perceive their own learning.
In summary, the school and educational settings can play a critical role in shaping an individual’s development and learning. Positive teacher-student relationships, a supportive classroom environment, and a well-designed curriculum and instruction can all promote better academic achievement and social skills.
Contextual Influences on Development and Learning
➲ Implications for Practice : Understanding the contextual influences on development and learning has significant implications for practice, including:
❖ Parenting Interventions : Parenting interventions can be designed to promote positive parenting styles and practices, such as authoritative parenting. These interventions can be delivered through various channels, including parenting classes, workshops, and online resources.
❖ Culturally Responsive Teaching : Culturally responsive teaching can be used to promote better learning outcomes for diverse student populations. This approach involves tailoring instruction to meet the diverse needs and experiences of students from different cultural backgrounds.
❖ School Reform : School reform efforts can be designed to promote better teacher-student relationships, classroom environments, and curriculum and instruction. This can involve initiatives such as teacher professional development, classroom redesign, and curriculum revision.
➲ The Role of Technology in Development and Learning : Technology can also play a significant role in development and learning, particularly in the digital age. Research has shown that:
❖ Digital Literacy : Digital literacy is an essential skill for the 21st century, and can be developed through formal and informal learning experiences. Digital literacy involves the ability to use technology to access, evaluate, and create information.
❖ Online Learning Environments : Online learning environments can provide opportunities for flexible and personalized learning, as well as access to educational resources and opportunities. Online learning environments can include online courses, virtual classrooms, and learning management systems.
❖ Digital Divide : The digital divide can also have a significant impact on development and learning, particularly for individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds. The digital divide refers to the gap between those who have access to technology and those who do not. This can include disparities in access to computers, internet, and digital literacy skills. Download : Paper-I CDP eBook
In summary, understanding the contextual influences on development and learning has significant implications for practice, including parenting interventions, culturally responsive teaching, and school reform. Technology can also play a significant role in development and learning, particularly in the digital age. However, the digital divide can also have a significant impact on development and learning, particularly for individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds.
➲ Conclusion : In conclusion, contextual influences on development and learning are complex and multifaceted. Family and parenting styles, culture and socioeconomic status, and school and educational settings all play a critical role in shaping an individual’s development and learning outcomes. By understanding these contextual influences, educators and practitioners can design interventions and programs that promote better development and learning outcomes for all individuals.
