Educational Psychology Part-2 in English
Educational Psychology Part-2
Just as Teacher Eligibility Test (TET) is an important test for employment in the great profession of teaching, Child Psychology & Development is an important subject among the subjects included in TET exam. The subject is also an important subject in Teachers Training like B.Ed. and D.El.Ed. This is our special effort to help the students of Teachers Training & TET, where one topic will be discussed. Now the topic of discussion is the important topic of CDP Educational Psychology, Part-2.
Educational Psychology Part-2
26. What are the important branches of psychology related to educational psychology?
A: Other branches of psychology that help in explaining the subject of educational psychology are: i) clinical research, ii) experimental psychology, iii) social psychology, iv) developmental psychology, v) counseling and guidance psychology etc.
27. What is the importance of clinical research in educational psychology?
A: In clinical research, psychologists discuss the abnormalities of child behavior and with the help of this, educational psychologists identify the behavioral problems of the child. Clinical psychology indicates the causes of the abnormalities of the individual, provides theoretical explanations and evaluations.
28. What is the importance of clinical psychology in educational psychology?
A: Clinical psychology makes it possible to understand the concept of education correctly. During the psychological examination of human or animal behavior, general characteristics of intelligence, personality, etc. are determined by measuring various general behaviors instead of individual elements, which greatly helps in solving classroom problems in educational psychology.
29. What is the importance of social psychology in educational psychology?
A: Classroom behavior, social characteristics of the teacher, attitude, social perception are important in interaction with the student. Social scientists research and analyze the relationship between attitudes on the development of the personality of the individual and behavior through mutual cooperation with medical and counseling psychology. Educational psychology uses the interpretation-analysis and theoretical concepts of social psychologists to implement the classroom situation according to the needs of society.
30. What is the importance of developmental psychology in educational psychology?
A: Developmental psychology refers to the branch of psychology that discusses all stages of human development from the embryonic stage to death. By reviewing the growth of the child, changes in the child’s specific age, interpretation and analysis of various behaviors of the child, different stages of the life cycle, and developmental changes, developmental psychologists create a field for understanding the behavior of students correctly or create research methods. By applying these researched theories and information correctly, the teacher is able to teach the student successfully according to the child’s intelligence, maturity, and development. Without the knowledge of developmental psychology, the successful application of the theories of psychology in the classroom is impossible.
31. Which book first discussed how children’s minds and intelligence change according to their age?
A: In Susan Isaacs Kohl’s book “Intellectual Growth in Young Children”, published in 1930.
32. What is the importance of counseling and guidance psychology in educational psychology?
A: Counseling and guidance psychology is a relatively new branch of psychology. Through this, psychologists try to identify and solve various behavioral problems of students. The main purpose of counseling and guidance psychology is to create a space for students to gain experience by providing advice and guidance in the current complex and multifaceted competitive situation of students by establishing a balance between their basic skills and emotional attitudes.
33. What is meant by understanding the learning process in educational psychology?
A: Understanding the learning process in educational psychology means a thorough explanation of student behavior through basic knowledge of human behavior. If the teacher cannot understand the child’s behavior, the learning process will not be completed normally. American psychologist Edith F. Kaplan showed in 1952 that 84% of teachers ignore the child’s behavior.
34. What are the psychological principles that support education in educational psychology?
A: The psychological principles supporting education in educational psychology are: i) individual discrimination principle, ii) teaching principles, iii) rules of individual development, iv) nature and measurement of intelligence, v) psychological measurement methods.
35. What are the methods of studying the problems of educational psychology?
A: Some methods for conducting research on the subjects and problems of educational psychology are: i) Incidental observation of naturalistic behavior to see the nature of behavior. ii) Systematic field observation. iii) The questionnaire as a field study technique. iv) The clinical or case-study method and v) Controlled experimentation etc.
36. How many types of observation methods are there in educational psychology?
A: There are two types of observation methods in educational psychology, namely: i) person-based observation method or introspection and ii) impersonal observation method or extrospection.
37. What is meant by introspection?
A: When an individual knows or tries to know his own mind, it is called introspection. To realize introspection, one must be aware of three things, namely: i) introspection is not the happiness and sorrow of one’s personal past life. ii) introspection is not an explanation of any spontaneous actions of the individual and iii) introspection is not knowledge about any transcendental entity called ‘soul’.
38. What is meant by extraspection?
A: The technique of knowing the mind of another through the expression of the mind of another is called extraspection. Such knowledge is based on inference.
39. What are the modern trends in educational psychology?
A: The modern trends in educational psychology are: i) Greater emphasis on motivation. ii) Tendency towards creating models of behavior. iii) Increase in various types of research trends to increase teaching skills. iv) Efforts to discover mechanical techniques to accelerate student learning and increase understanding of the content. v) Shifting from behaviorist perspective to cognitive teaching methods. vi) Increasing attraction towards experimental knowledge, etc.
40. What is the reason for the emergence of different types of teaching methods in educational psychology?
A: In educational psychology, different types of teaching methods emerge due to the influence of various researches to increase the teaching skills of teachers.
41. How did the concept of teaching aids come about in educational psychology?
A: The concept of teaching aids is developed in educational psychology to accelerate student learning and quickly acquire understanding of the content.
42. Name some of the studies of the clinical or case-study method.
A: Some notable tests of medical or life history methods are: i) Rorschach’s Ink blot test, ii) Thematic apperception test and iii) Word association test etc.
43. When did the Ink blot test begin?
A: In 1921, the Swedish psychologist Hermann Rorschach did the inkblot test.
44. When did the Story Apperception Test begin?
A: In the 1930s, Henry A. Murray and Christiana D. Morgan at Harvard University did the Thematic apperception test (TAT).
45. When did the Word Association Test begin?
A: Carl Gustav Jung started his Word association test in 1903.
46. When and where did educational psychology begin in India?
A: Educational psychology was first introduced in the first half of the 20th century in 1916 at Calcutta University.
47. How many types of arguments are presented in the context of the discussion of psychology in the Indian education system?
A: Three types of arguments are presented in the context of the discussion of psychology in the Indian education system.
48. When was the Indian Psychoanalytic Society established?
A: The Indian Psychoanalytic Society was established in Kolkata on 26 January 1922 through the efforts of Dr. Girindrasekhar Bose.
49. Mention the names of some important journals in educational psychology.
A: Some important journals in educational psychology are: i) Journal of Educational Measurement, ii) Educational and Psychological Measurement, iii) Journal of Educational Statistics, iv) Applied Psychological Measurement, v) Educational Assessment etc.
50. Write the names of four leading theorists in educational psychology.
A: The four leading philosophers of educational psychology are: Edward Thorndike, Ivan Pavlov, John B. Watson and B.F. Skinner.
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