Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose -Son of Mother India

Many events are happening all over the world. The pages of history are continuously recording the traces of those events. To turn the pages of world and Indian history and search for some gems from the crowd of those events, the “Today” section is started. In this section, various topics will be presented based on the information that happened from January to December. In the January section, through the post titled Netaji  Subhas Chandra Bose-Son of Mother India, we will now discuss about the son of Mother India, “Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose“. So without waiting any longer, let’s get into the main topic ⬎

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Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose – Son of Mother India

Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose was born on January 23, 1897, in the city of Cuttack, Odisha Division of the Bengal Province of British India (now Odisha, India) into a Dakshina-Radhi Kayastha family. He was the ninth child and sixth son of his father “Rai Bahadur” Janaki Nath Bose and mother Prabhavati Devi. At the age of five, Subhas Chandra Bose’s early education began in 1902 at the Protestant European School (P. E. School) and studied there until 1909, when he joined Ravenshaw Collegiate School in Cuttack in January 1909. In 1913, he passed the Matriculation (now Secondary) examination from Ravenshaw Collegiate School, standing second in the entire university. In 1913, he joined Presidency College and here he came in contact with “Bardada” Lokmanya Tilak and “Chotadada” Aurobindo Ghosh. In 1915, he passed his Intermediate with first division from here and enrolled in the graduate level in philosophy. But due to an argument with a teacher named Mr. O, Subhash Chandra was expelled from the college. As a result, Subhash Chandra’s education came to a halt, finally, with the help of Sir Ashutosh Mukherjee, the university authorities lifted Subhash Chandra’s suspension and in 1917, he enrolled in the Scottish Church College. In 1919, he graduated in philosophy from here. Since there was no opportunity to study philosophy at the postgraduate level, his parents sent him to Cambridge University in London to prepare for the Indian Civil Service (ICS) examination. In 1920, he passed the ICS examination but in the contemporary period (13 April 1919) in protest against the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, he resigned from the ICS and participated in the Indian independence movement and the Indian National Congress. In 1923, he was elected as the President of the All India Youth Congress. In 1924, Subhash Chandra was elected as the CEO of the Calcutta Municipal Corporation. He was arrested in 1925 for participating in the national struggle and was imprisoned in Mandalay. After being released from prison in 1927, he was again elected as the President of the All India Youth Congress and became the General Secretary of the Bengal Congress. In 1930, he was elected as the Mayor of Calcutta. In 1938, he became the President of the All India National Congress and formed the “National Planning Committee“. In 1939, due to disagreements with Gandhiji, he left the Congress and formed a new party called All India Forward Bloc. During this time, he was under house arrest and in 1941, he secretly left the country by throwing dust in the eyes of the British. In November 1941, he reached Germany and from there he presented his speech over the radio and announced his escape from house arrest. In 1942, his book “The Indian Struggle” was published, which was written about the Indian freedom movement from 1920 to 1942, naturally the British government declared the book illegal. In 1943, Subhash Chand reached Japan and met another freedom fighter, Rash Behari Bose. With the help of Rash Behari Bose, in 1942, he formed the Azad Hind Fauj in Japan with 45,000 Indian prisoners and soldiers of the Indian National Army formed by Rash Behari Bose. When the soldiers of the Azad Hind Fauj called Subhash Chandra Bose “Netaji“, he soon became known as Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose. In October 1943, Netaji formed a provincial government with the support of the Axis powers. Through his speech “Give me blood, and I shall give you freedom!”, he inspired the Azad Hind Fauj to fight for independence. In December 1943, Netaji’s army reached the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and formed an independent government. He renamed the two islands as Swaraj and Shaheed Dweep. On 6 July 1944, in his address to the nation on Azad Hind Radio, he referred to Gandhiji as the “Father of the Nation“. Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose declared war on the British forces in the eastern part of India to snatch India’s independence from the British and took control of the important base of Coxton on the Indian border by evicting the British from the province of Burma (present-day Myanmar) and from there he gave the historic call “Dilhi Chalo” (“Come to Delhi”). The Azad Hind Army, led by Shah Nawaz Khan, entered India. But at this time, when the Axis powers were defeated and the Japanese government surrendered, the Azad Hind Army’s logistics were strained, resulting in the army becoming weak. In 1945, the Azad Hind government collapsed. On 3 August 1945, while Netaji was in Singapore, he received a message from General Isoda requesting Netaji to go to Saigon, which was now occupied by Japan. Netaji left Singapore airport for Saigon without surrendering. But the news of his death in a plane crash on August 18, 1945 at the airport in Formosa (present-day Taiwan) spread all over the world at that time. Although the Figgess Report of 1946, the Shah Nawaz Committee report of 1956 and the Khosla Commission report of 1970 supported Netaji’s death, the Justice Mukherjee Commission presented evidence in Parliament on May 17, 2006 and said, “Bose did not die in the plane crash and the ashes at Renkoji temple are not his“. But the Indian government immediately rejected the Mukherjee Commission report. As Netaji’s fans, we will definitely wait for the truth to be revealed. ………

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